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General Anaesthetics
From Qedoc
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This page describes a Qedoc learning module or quiz entitled "General Anaesthetics". You can download the module from this page to put on your computer. You can also launch the module straight off the web using the launch quiz link on the right-hand side of this page. Another way to access this quiz is to install the Qedoc Quiz Player and bring up its directory of downloadable quizzes. Whichever way you choose to use it, it's free.
This module may contain medicine-related material. Please refer to our medical disclaimer.
Contents |
Description
Consciousness, sleep, anaesthesia. Stages of anaesthesia. Inhalational and intravenous agents. Possible mechanisms of action. Examples of agents used with their advantages and disadvantages.
The module contains the following activities:
- All Questions
- Inhalation Anaesthetics
- Intravenous Anaesthetics
- Introduction
- Mechanism of Action
- Local Anaesthetics
- Ethanol
- Nitrous Oxide
- Benzodiazepines
- Receptors
- Side Effects
Sample questions
The following is a short sample of the questions in this module and may help to better assess the level, topic and suitability of the material for your purposes. Images are omitted and the questions may not make complete sense without the context of the interactive answer activities which follow them in the module. To best preview this module, click the launch link at the top right of this page.
- Dropenolol is a dopamine antagonist, fentanyl is an opiate analgesic. They both cause deep sedation and analgesia. Under their influence patients can respond to commands, whilst experiencing no pain or memory thus is useful in endoscopy.
- It was found that anaesthetics interact with voltage gated ion channels e.g.K+, Ca2+, Na+, ligand gated ion channels such as GABAa, glycine , 5-HT3, nAChR and NMDA, as well as the ‘background’ potassium channel TREK (K2p 2.1)
- There are two theories on how general anaesthetics work 1. Lipid theory: anaesthetic potency related to lipid solubility 2. Protein theory: Ion channels and other membrane proteins
- General anaesthesia is a multidimensional phenomenon involving unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, loss of sensory processing and depression of spinal motor reflexes
- Anaesthetics were a problem for theatre staff causing liver disease, leukaemia, abortion, congenital malformations. Scavenger systems were required
- The oil/gas partition coefficient is a measure of how readily a substance partitions into membrane lipids (i.e. lipid solubility)
- Propofol disadvantages are that it is rapidly metabolised thus it has a short duration of action. It is used in day case surgery
- The target for benzodiazepines is also the major target for intravenous anaesthetics such as thiopental, propofol, etomidate.
- Anaesthesia temporarily reduces or removes sensation. General anaesthesia involves loss of consciousness and all sensation
- Desflurane causes laryngospasm and broncospasm and so is not used to induce anaesthesia, rather its used to maintain it.
Screenshots
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How to use this module
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- Really easy: click the click here to launch hyperlink at the top right of the page. Then just wait and click your way (if necessary) through any dialogue screens. The module will launch straight off the web.
- Fairly easy: if you wish to have the module downloaded to your desktop, then start the Qedoc Quiz Player (which you can download and install on your computer if you haven't done so yet) and run through the starting dialogues until it presents you with a list of modules to load. Switch to the online learning modules tab, and the Qedoc Quiz Player will download a list of currently published modules from the web. Choose your desired module (this one) from the list. A local copy will then be kept on your computer for future use.
- Not so easy: click the download link at the bottom of the "quick facts" box and the module's ZIP file will download to your desktop. To actually use this, however, you must move it to the /player/modplay subdirectory of whichever directory the Qedoc software is installed in (usually /programme files/qedoc).
How to edit this module
You are permitted to edit this module - for example, to correct mistakes, extend it, or incorporate material from it into new modules or other educational resources. To find out how, please read How to edit a module.
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